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2O. Astringents

Binding

Picture
Materia Medica in Arabic & Persian, Shirazy, 1793

These medicines were traditionally also classed as Incrassating (thickening), Repellent (repelling) or Adstringent (binding).

Astringent medicines are drying, usually in the 3rd or 4th degree. They thicken Humors and Fluids, and therefore hinder leakage. They also tighten lax tissues.

They are used for Diarrhea, Dysentery, Leukorrhea, Spermatorrhea; some restrain Sweat and Excessive Urination. Some have a secondary tonic action and help stop loss of Essence. Some are also Hemostatic, or hinder Miscarriage.

They are known by their astringent and contracting effect on the tongue when they are tasted.

They are opposed to Loosening, Lenitive and Opening medicines.


Compare with the TCM classification of R. Astringents


                       Bistort
                       Chebulic Myrobalan
                       Horsetail
                       Pomegranate flower
                       Raspberry leaf
                       Borage root
                       Rose
                       Sage
                       Soloman’s Seal
                       Toasted Rhubarb
                       Oak bark
                       Rice
                       Plantain
                       Poppy seed
                       Tragacanth gum
                       Sumac
                       Dragon’s Blood
                       Frankincense
                       Burnt Deer Horn
                       Coral
                       Armenian Earth
                       Alum
                       Hematite

                       Cornus Shan Zhu Yu


Tormentil
Belleric Myrobalan
Shepherd’s Purse
Pomegranate rind
Blackberry leaf
Bugloss root
Rose hip
Yarrow
Comfrey
Walnut hulls
Galls
Quince
Purslane
Cypress nuts
Gum Arabic
Sloe
Mastic
Sandalwood
Ivory
Pearl
Earth of Lemnos
Gypsum
Cuttlefish bone

Schisandra Wu Wei Zi



Addendum:
Anhydrotics–Medicines that Stop Sweating

                       Sage
                       Agaric
                       Datura seed
                       Belladonna root


Walnut leaf
Ergot
Henbane seed
Nux Vomica prepared
Others:
Jaborandi
Externally: rub oil over the body; wash the body with Vinegar; Starch as a dusting powder


Western Classification

2. Secondary Faculties
a. Aperients
b. Attenuaters
c. Inciding Medicines
d. Attenuaters of Congealed Blood
e. Lenitive
f. Purifying
g. Cleansing
h. Carminatives
i. Antispasmodics
j. Rarefying
k. Resolvent
l. Emollients
m. Drawing
n. Repellents
o. Astringent
p. Hemostatic
q. Anodyne
r. Narcotics & Hypnotics

s. Strengthening
t. Glutinate
u. Suppuratives
v. Expel Pus
w. Sarcotics
x. Incarnative
y. Corrosive
z. Cicatrizing
3. Tertiary Faculties
a. Sudorifics and Diaphoretics
b. Febrifuge and Antipyretic
c. Alexipharmic
d. Cordials and Cardiacs
e. Diuretics
f. Lithontriptic
g. Emmenagogue
h. Lactagogue
i. Aphrodisiacs
j. Increase Semen

k. Expectorant
l. Anti-tussive
m. Arthritic Medicines
n. Vulnerary
o. Emetics
p. Masticatories & Sternutatories
q. Anthelmintic
4. According to Part
a. Cephalic
b. Opthalmic
c. Cardiac
d. Pectoral
e. Stomachic
f. Splenetic
g. Hepatic
h. Nephritics
i. Uterine
j. Nervine
k. Arthritic

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