Piper longum, Long Pepper, Bi Ba 筚拨

Pippali (Ayurveda); Filfil Daraz, Peepal (Unani); Thippili (Siddha)
The root of Long Pepper is called Peepalmool (Unani), Thippiliver (Siddha)
Long Pepper,
Parkinson, Theatrum Botanicum, 1640

Piper longum
Woodville, Hooker, Spratt, Medical Botany, 1832
Long Pepper (Adam, 2017)
Botanical name:
Piper spp.
P. longum, P. officinum
Classical Ayurvedic texts listed several types of 'Long Pepper'; these included P. retrofractum, P. peepuloides, P. chaba

Parts used:
Mature ripe fruit

Temperature & Taste:
Hot, dry. Pungent

Classifications:
2H. CARMINATIVE.    2S. STRENGTHENING
3C. ALEXIPHARMIC
4e. STOMACHIC

Uses:
1. Warms the Stomach, Clears Damp, Promotes Digestion (TCM, West, Ayurveda, Tibetan):
-abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea.

2. Clears Cold, Warms the Kidneys (TCM, West, Ayurveda, Tibetan):
-chronic Nephritis, Neurasthenia and Amnesia

3. Clears Cold Phlegm (TCM, West, Ayurveda, Tibetan):
-cold phlegm of the Lungs, Stomach, or Bowels

4: Stops Wind, Eases Pain, Clears Cold and Damp:
-Headaches, Toothache, and Arthritis from Wind, Cold, and Damp;

5. Rasayana (tonic to the 7 Body Tissues):
-Ayurveda considers Long Pepper to be Rasayana, beneficial for Longevity, and a promoter of Intellect.

6. Resists Poison:
-Food poisoning
    
7. Externally:
-can be used as Black Pepper


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Main Combinations:
1. Trikatu: this is a mix of equal parts of Black Pepper, Long Pepper, and Ginger. It is both a stand-alone formula, and an important component of larger compounds. It warms the Stomach, increases Digestion, resolves Damp, Cold-Phlegm and Ama (toxic residue of undigested food). Used alone for Indigestion, Hyperacidity, Cold and Flu, Cough, Bronchitis and Asthma. It is regarded as useful in Obesity and Diabetes. It enhances bio-availability, meaning it increases effectiveness of other medicines it is combined with.
2. Cold Phlegm:
i. of the Stomach, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
ii. to purge Cold Phlegm, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
3. Indigestion, Food Stagnation, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
4. Nausea, Bloating, Indigestion, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
5. Gastric pain, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
6. Poor appetite and digestion, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
7. Aphrodisiac:
i. Long pepper with ... available in PRO version
ii. Long pepper with ... available in PRO version
8. Poor or Failing Memory:
i. Long pepper with ... available in PRO version
9. Dizziness and Vertigo:
i. Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
ii. Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
10. Joint Pain, Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version
11. Consumption, Long Pepper is taken with  ... available in PRO version
12. To promote Longevity, Virility and Intellect, and cure diseases of aging, combine Long pepper with  ... available in PRO version

Major Formulas
Powder of Three Peppers (Diatrion Piperion) (Mesue)
Antidotum Apollonii Laodicensis (Nicholas)
Antidote for Wind and Cold (Nicholas)
Electuary of Calamus (Diacorum) (Mesue)
Electuary for Gastric Pain

Raisin Electuary (Mrdvikadi Leha) (Ayurveda)
Pomegranate 5 (Se bru 5)
Tabasheer 9
Costus 6 Powder (Ru rta drug pa) (Tibetan Medicine)
Cardamon 10 (Sug smel bcu pa) (Tibetan Medicine)
Mental Happiness (Sems kyi bde skyid) (Tibetan Medicine)
Pill of Three Tastes (Mongolian Medicine)

Balivivan (Ayurveda)
Powder of Clove (Ayurveda)
Powder of Camphor (Ayurveda)
Sitopaladi Powder (Ayurveda)

Su He Xiang Wan


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Cautions:
Not suitable for use in Heat conditions or Yin deficiency.

Main Preparations used:
Species Diatrion pipereon, Strong Species, Distilled Oil of Pepper