Rehmannia, Shu Di Huang 熟地黄

Prepared Chinese Foxglove root
Shu Di Huang (TCM)

Edwards’s Botanical Register (1837)

Rehmannia glutinosa flower
(Photo by 阿橋) (Wikimedia)

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Botanical name:
Rehmannia glutinosa

Parts used:
Prepared Root

Temperature & Taste:
Warm, moist. Sweet

Classification:
N. Blood Tonic     N. Yin Tonic

Uses:
1. Tonifies the Blood:
-weakness, pale face and tongue, deficient and thin pulse

2. Strengthen the Kidneys, Nourishes Yin:
-weakness of the Lower Back and Knees

3. Nourishes and Increases Essence:
-Premature Aging

Dose:
Decoction: 9–30 grams
Powder: 1–4 grams

Comment:
... available in PRO version.

Substitute:
... available in PRO version.

Correctives:
... available in PRO version.

Main Combinations:
1. Blood deficiency and Menstrual disorders, Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.
2. To strengthen the Kidneys and Nourish the Yin, Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.
3. To strengthen Kidney Yang:
i. Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.
4. Heat with Yin deficiency, Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.
5. To more strongly nourish Yin, clear Heat, strengthen the bones and calm the Mind ... available in PRO version.
6. Insomnia from Heart Yin deficiency, Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.
7. Diabetes
i. Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.
ii. Rehmannia Shu Di Huang with ... available in PRO version.

Major Formula:
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan
Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan
Jin Gui Shen Qi Wan
Zuo Gui Wan
You Gui Wan
Zuo Gui Yin
You Gui Yin
Si Wu Tang
Shi Quan Da Bu Tang
Ba Zhen Tang
Bai He Gu Jin Tang
Dang Gui Liu Huang Tang

Cautions:
1. Not used in Spleen weakness with poor appetite, loose bowels, abdominal pain and distention
2. Not used in cases with excess Phlegm and Damp
3. Avoid Onions, Garlic and Radish while taking Rehmannia.

Main Preparations used:

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• Extra Info
• Research

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GENERAL / REVIEW
–Rehmannia glutinosa: review of botany, chemistry and pharmacology.

COMBINATIONS
–The synergistic effect of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels and Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. on antioxidant activity and protective ability against cell injury.
–Baihe Dihuang (Lilium Henryi Baker and Rehmannia Glutinosa) decoction attenuates somatostatin interneurons deficits in prefrontal cortex of depression via miRNA-144-3p mediated GABA synthesis and release.
–UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals Hypoglycemic Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa, Coptis chinensis and Their Combination on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetes in KK-Ay Mice.
–UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabolic profiling comparison of four major bioactive components in normal and CKD rat plasma, urine and feces following oral administration of Cornus officinalis Sieb and Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch herb couple extract.
–Hot water-extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

PROCESSING
–Structural changes, and anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer potential of polysaccharides from multiple processing of Rehmannia glutinosa.
–Traditional processing strongly affects metabolite composition by hydrolysis in Rehmannia glutinosa roots.
–Effects of growth conditions and processing on Rehmannia glutinosa using fingerprint strategy.
–[Studies on Rehmanniae radix. III. The relation between changes of constituents and improvable effects on hemorheology with the processing of roots of Rehmannia glutinosa].
–[Determination of total saccharide and several main saccharides in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosh, and its processed products].
–[Analysis and comparison of free amino acids in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, and its processed products].

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
–Structural changes, and anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer potential of polysaccharides from multiple processing of Rehmannia glutinosa.
–Bioassay-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory components from the root of Rehmannia glutinosa and its underlying mechanism via inhibition of iNOS pathway.
–Rehmannia glutinosa suppresses inflammatory responses elicited by advanced glycation end products.

ANTIOXIDANT
–Phytochemical Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Rehmannia glutinosa from Different Production Locations.
–ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM THE SHOOTS AND ROOTS OF pRi-TRANSFORMED PLANTS OF REHMANNIA GLUTINOSA LIBOSCH.

ANTI-ALLERGY
–Effect of Rehmannia glutinosa on immediate type allergic reaction.

IMMUNE EFFECT
–The Effects of Oral Rehmannia glutinosa Polysaccharide Administration on Immune Responses, Antioxidant Activity and Resistance Against Aeromonas hydrophila in the Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio L.
–Optimization on preparation conditions of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide liposome and its immunological activity.
–Immunoenhancement effect of rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide on lymphocyte proliferation and dendritic cell.
–Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide b on T-lymphocytes in mice bearing sarcoma 180.

ANTIFIBROTIC
–Radix Rehmannia Glutinosa inhibits the development of renal fibrosis by regulating miR-122-5p/PKM axis.

NEUROPROTECTIVE
–Further pharmacological evidence of the neuroprotective effect of catalpol from Rehmannia glutinosa.

ANTIDEPRESSANT
–Ethanol extract of Rehmannia glutinosa exerts antidepressant-like effects on a rat chronic unpredictable mild stress model by involving monoamines and BDNF.

ANTICONVULSANT
–Catalpol and Mannitol, Two Components of Rehmannia glutinosa, Exhibit Anticonvulsant Effects Probably via GABAA Receptor Regulation.

BLOOD TONIC
–[Studies of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. f. hueichingensis as a blood tonic].

OSTEOPOROSIS
–Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides on bone tissue structure and skeletal muscle atrophy in rats with disuse.
–Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch Extracts Prevent Bone Loss and Architectural Deterioration and Enhance Osteoblastic Bone Formation by Regulating the IGF-1/PI3K/mTOR Pathway in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
–Dried root of Rehmannia glutinosa prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats.
–Effect of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch extracts on bone metabolism.

HEPATOPROTECTIVE
–Isolation, characterization, and hepatoprotective effects of the raffinose family oligosaccharides from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.
–Hepatoprotective iridoid glycosides from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.
–Hot water extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa inhibit liver inflammation and fibrosis in rats.

ANTI-AGEING
–Rehmannia glutinosa exhibits anti-aging effect through maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of hematopoietic stem cells.

HEPATIC FIBROSIS
–Hot water extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa inhibit liver inflammation and fibrosis in rats.

RENOPROTECTIVE
–Renoprotective activity of a new amide and a new hydroxycinnamic acid derivative from the fresh roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.
–Protective effects and mechanisms of Rehmannia glutinosa leaves total glycoside on early kidney injury in db/db mice.

RENAL FAILURE
–Rehmannia glutinosa ameliorates the progressive renal failure induced by 5/6 nephrectomy.

GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
–Treatment of primary chronic glomerulonephritis with Rehmannia glutinosa acteosides in combination with the angiotensin receptor blocker irbesartan: a randomized controlled trial.

DIABETES
–Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch Extracts Prevent Bone Loss and Architectural Deterioration and Enhance Osteoblastic Bone Formation by Regulating the IGF-1/PI3K/mTOR Pathway in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.
–UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals Hypoglycemic Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa, Coptis chinensis and Their Combination on High-Fat-Diet-Induced Diabetes in KK-Ay Mice.
–Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of catalpol extracted from Rehmannia glutinosa (Di Huang) on rat diabetes induced by streptozotocin and high-fat, high-sugar feed.
–Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. polysaccharide ameliorates hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia and vascular inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
–Ameliorating effect and potential mechanism of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharides on the impaired glucose metabolism in chronic stress rats fed with high-fat diet.
–Plasma glucose lowering mechanisms of catalpol, an active principle from roots of Rehmannia glutinosa, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
–Characterization of the anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of rehmannia glutinosa in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats.
–[Effect of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch water extraction on gene expression of proinsulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats].
–[Effect of Rehmannia glutinosa water extraction on insulin resistance and gene expression of resistin in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats].
–[Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharides on proliferation of HepG2 and insulin resistance].
–Stachyose extract from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. to lower plasma glucose in normal and diabetic rats by oral administration.
–Hypoglycemic effect of Rehmannia glutinosa oligosaccharide in hyperglycemic and alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its mechanism.
–[Hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharide fraction from rhizome of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. f. hueichingensis Hsiao and the effect on carbohydrate metabolism in normal mouse liver].

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY
–Protective Effects of Total Glycoside From Rehmannia glutinosa Leaves on Diabetic Nephropathy Rats via Regulating the Metabolic Profiling and Modulating the TGF-β1 and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

LEARNING & MEMORY
–Rehmannia glutinosa ameliorates scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment in rats.

MENOPAUSE
-A Herbal Formula HT051, a Combination of Pueraria lobata and Rehmannia glutinosa, Prevents Postmenopausal Obesity in Ovariectomized Rats.

OBESITY
-A Herbal Formula HT051, a Combination of Pueraria lobata and Rehmannia glutinosa, Prevents Postmenopausal Obesity in Ovariectomized Rats.
–Rehmannia glutinosa reduced waist circumferences of Korean obese women possibly through modulation of gut microbiota.

MUSCULAR ATROPHY
–Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides on bone tissue structure and skeletal muscle atrophy in rats with disuse.

CANCER
–Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides on the proliferation and apoptosis of K562 cells.
–Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide induces toll-like receptor 4 dependent spleen dendritic cell maturation and anti-cancer immunity.
–Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide induced an anti-cancer effect by activating natural killer cells.
LIVER
–Hot water-extracted Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia glutinosa inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
LUNG
–Structural changes, and anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer potential of polysaccharides from multiple processing of Rehmannia glutinosa.

CHEMOTHERAPY TOXICITY
–Protective effect of Rehmannia glutinosa on the cisplatin-induced damage of HEI-OC1 auditory cells through scavenging free radicals.

ALLEVIATES METHOTREXATE TOXICITY
–Steamed root of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch (Plantaginaceae) alleviates methotrexate-induced intestinal mucositis in rats.