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Mangifera, Mango
Mango
–Amra, Rasaal, Sahakar (Ayurveda)
–Aam, Anba, Ambaj (Unani)
–Mang Guo (TCM)
Mango kernel:
–Amra Beej (Ayurveda)
–Khasta Aam (Unani)
–a bras ཨ་འབྲས (Tibetan)
–Mang Guo He (TCM)
–Amra, Rasaal, Sahakar (Ayurveda)
–Aam, Anba, Ambaj (Unani)
–Mang Guo (TCM)
Mango kernel:
–Amra Beej (Ayurveda)
–Khasta Aam (Unani)
–a bras ཨ་འབྲས (Tibetan)
–Mang Guo He (TCM)
Flora Sinensis, Boym, 1653
Flore d’Amérique, Denisse, 1843-1846
Mango kernel for sale at the Chengdu Medicine Market (Adam, 2016)
Botanical name:
Mangifera indica, M. persiciformis
Parts used:
Kernel
Temperature & Taste:
Warm, dry. Sweet, Sour
Classifications:
4c. CARDIAC
N. Yang Tonic
Mangifera indica, M. persiciformis
Parts used:
Kernel
Temperature & Taste:
Warm, dry. Sweet, Sour
Classifications:
4c. CARDIAC
N. Yang Tonic
Uses:
KERNEL:
1. Warms and Strengthens the Kidneys:
-increases strength and Semen
-urinary diseases with deficiency
-Diabetes (see research)
-also for Night-blindness and premature wrinkling of the skin (Tibet)
2. Strengthens Stomach, Increases Qi:
-increases Digestive Heat
-Vomiting, Diarrhea (decoction with Honey); some recommended them roasted for Diarrhea
-Reduces Food Stagnation, good for Constipation
-weakness; strengthens the Immune system
-increases weight
3. Strengthens the Heart
-classed as a medicine to strengthen the Heart in Ayurveda
4. Kills Worms:
-20–30 grains are given for Worms
5. Externally:
-topically for Dandruff
-paste with Honey and Camphor for relaxed vagina
FRUIT:
-unripe fruit is astringent and Sour, used for Obesity, Hemoptysis (Sushruta)
-juice of ripe fruit with Honey for Spleen swelling and to promote digestion; it is refrigerant
Dose:
Seed in Powder: 1–2 grams (API)
Substitute:
Seeds of Millettia pachycarpa have been used as a substitute in Tibetan Medicine.
Preparation:
The Seeds are sometimes roasted for Diarrhea.
Seed in Powder: 1–2 grams (API)
Substitute:
Seeds of Millettia pachycarpa have been used as a substitute in Tibetan Medicine.
Preparation:
The Seeds are sometimes roasted for Diarrhea.
Main Combinations:
The Three Seeds (Tibetan Medicine)
Mango kernel, Eugenia jambolana (Sra Bras) and Caesalpinia (Jam Bras) are the Three Seeds of Tibetan Medicine. Together, they warm and strengthen the Kidneys.
1. Kidney weakness:
i. Mango kernel with Lesser Cardamon (Eletarria), Ginger, Eugenia jambolana (Sra Bras) and Caesalpinia (Jam Bras); used for obstructed or frequent urination, urinary calculi or tumors (as in Cardamon 10 of Tibetan Medicine)
ii. more chronic Kidney disease, to the above add Juniper, Aconite, Shilajit, Safflower (as in Cardamon 18 of Tibetan Medicine)
2. Heat of the Kidneys with deficiency, combine Mango kernel with Chebula, Juniper, Mucuna, Madder, Caesalpinia (Jam Bras), Swertia, Safflower (as in Chebula 18 of Tibetan Medicine)
3. Uterine diseases, and to promote Fertility, Mango kernel with Woodfordia, Licorice, Cyperus rotundus, Sandalwood (Ayurveda)
4. Severe Vomiting, decoct Mango kernel with Citron leaf and Cumin (Ayurveda)
5. Diarrhea, Mango kernel with Emblic Myrobalan
6. Dandruff, Mango kernel topically with Chebula
Major Formulas:
Betel nut 28 (Go yu nyer brgyad) (Tibetan)
Cardamon 10 (Sug smel bcu pa) (Tibetan)
Cardamon 19 (Sug smel bcu dgu)
Chebula 18 (A Ru 18) (Tibetan)
Greater Salt Combination (Tshwa sbyor chen mo) (Tibetan)
Cautions:
1. Not used in Fever or Inflammation
Main Preparations used:
1. Not used in Fever or Inflammation
Main Preparations used:
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GENERAL / REVIEW:
–Pharmacological properties of mangiferin: bioavailability, mechanisms of action and clinical perspectives.
–Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Three Different Parts of Mango Fruit.
–Physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and industrial applications of mango kernel and its products: A review.
–Extraction of bioactive compounds from mango (Mangifera indica L. var. Carabao) seed kernel with ethanol-water binary solvent systems.
–Promising features of mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernel oil: a review.
–Phytochemicals from Mangifera pajang Kosterm and their biological activities.
ANTI-BACTERIAL:
–Profiling of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemolytic activity of mango seed kernel using different optimized extraction systems.
–Antioxidative, protein kinase inhibition and antibacterial potential of seven mango varieties cultivated in Pakistan.
–In-vitro investigation of anti-acne properties of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract and its mechanism of action against Propionibacterium acnes.
–Antibacterial efficacy of Mangifera indica L. kernel and Ocimum sanctum L. leaves against Enterococcus faecalis dentinal biofilm.
–Antimicrobial activity of gallotannins isolated from mango ( Mangifera indica L.) kernels.
ANTIBIOTICRESISTANT BACTERIA:
–The inhibitory potential of Thai mango seed kernel extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
ANTIOXIDANT:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
–Profiling of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemolytic activity of mango seed kernel using different optimized extraction systems.
–Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Guided Isolation and Identification of Components from Mango Seed Kernel.
–Antioxidative, protein kinase inhibition and antibacterial potential of seven mango varieties cultivated in Pakistan.
–Investigation on the antioxidant activity of leaves, peels, stems bark, and kernel of mango (Mangifera indica L.).
–Extensive screening for herbal extracts with potent antioxidant properties.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
IMMUNOSTIMULATORY:
–Immunostimulatory plant polysaccharides impede cancer progression and metastasis by avoiding off-target effects.
ANTI-SNAKE VENOM:–Molecular docking studies and anti-enzymatic activities of Thai mango seed kernel extract against snake venoms.
ANTI-DIARRHEA:
–Antidiarrhoeal efficacy of Mangifera indica seed kernel on Swiss albino mice.
HEPATOPROTECIVE:
–Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of thai mango seed kernel extract.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE:
–Mangiferin exert cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effects in heart failure induced rats.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
DIABETES:
–Mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed kernel extract suppresses hyperglycemia by modulating pancreatic β cell apoptosis and dysfunction and hepatic glucose metabolism in diabetic rats.
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
–Antidiabetic properties of mango in animal models and humans: A systematic review.
–Peripheral arterial disease: Effects of ethanolic extracts of seed kernels of mango (Mangifera indica .L) on acute hind limb ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.
–Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Guided Isolation and Identification of Components from Mango Seed Kernel.
–Nutritional Composition, Anti-Diabetic Properties and Identification of Active Compounds Using UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS in Mangifera odorata L. Peel and Seed Kernel.
–Antidiabetic effects of Mangifera indica Kernel Flour-supplemented diet in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats.
OBESITY:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
ACNE:
–In-vitro investigation of anti-acne properties of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract and its mechanism of action against Propionibacterium acnes.
CANCER:
–Role of Mangiferin in Management of Cancers through Modulation of Signal Transduction Pathways.
–Pentagalloyl Glucose: A Review of Anticancer Properties, Molecular Targets, Mechanisms of Action, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety Profile.
–Mangiferin: a natural miracle bioactive compound against lifestyle related disorders.
–Phytochemicals from Mangifera pajang Kosterm and their biological activities.
BREAST:
–Anticancer role of mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel and seed kernel extracts against 7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats.
–Mangifera indica (Mango): A Promising Medicinal Plant for Breast Cancer Therapy and Understanding Its Potential Mechanisms of Action.
–Induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, MDA-MB231 cells, by ethanolic mango seed extract.
–Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis induced by ethanolic mango seed extract in cultured estrogen receptor positive breast cancer MCF-7 cells.
–Cytotoxic effects of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract on human breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines) and bioactive constituents in the crude extract.
–Cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines exposed to an extract of the seed kernel of Mangifera pajang (bambangan).
COLORECTAL:
–Mangiferin (mango) attenuates AOM-induced colorectal cancer in rat's colon by augmentation of apoptotic proteins and antioxidant mechanisms.
LUNG:
–Mangifera indica L. kernel ethanol extract inhibits cell viability and proliferation with induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells.
METASTASIS:
–Immunostimulatory plant polysaccharides impede cancer progression and metastasis by avoiding off-target effects.
PREVENTS TOOTH DECAY:
–Effect of Mangifera Indica (Mango) on Dental Caries: A Systematic Review.
COSMETIC:
–The Potential of Mangifera indica L. Peel Extract to Be Revalued in Cosmetic Applications.
–Multifunctional biological properties and phytochemical constituents of Mangifera indica L. seed kernel extract for preventing skin aging.
–Pharmacological properties of mangiferin: bioavailability, mechanisms of action and clinical perspectives.
–Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Three Different Parts of Mango Fruit.
–Physicochemical characteristics, bioactive compounds and industrial applications of mango kernel and its products: A review.
–Extraction of bioactive compounds from mango (Mangifera indica L. var. Carabao) seed kernel with ethanol-water binary solvent systems.
–Promising features of mango (Mangifera indica L.) kernel oil: a review.
–Phytochemicals from Mangifera pajang Kosterm and their biological activities.
ANTI-BACTERIAL:
–Profiling of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemolytic activity of mango seed kernel using different optimized extraction systems.
–Antioxidative, protein kinase inhibition and antibacterial potential of seven mango varieties cultivated in Pakistan.
–In-vitro investigation of anti-acne properties of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract and its mechanism of action against Propionibacterium acnes.
–Antibacterial efficacy of Mangifera indica L. kernel and Ocimum sanctum L. leaves against Enterococcus faecalis dentinal biofilm.
–Antimicrobial activity of gallotannins isolated from mango ( Mangifera indica L.) kernels.
ANTIBIOTICRESISTANT BACTERIA:
–The inhibitory potential of Thai mango seed kernel extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
ANTIOXIDANT:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
–Profiling of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and hemolytic activity of mango seed kernel using different optimized extraction systems.
–Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Guided Isolation and Identification of Components from Mango Seed Kernel.
–Antioxidative, protein kinase inhibition and antibacterial potential of seven mango varieties cultivated in Pakistan.
–Investigation on the antioxidant activity of leaves, peels, stems bark, and kernel of mango (Mangifera indica L.).
–Extensive screening for herbal extracts with potent antioxidant properties.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
IMMUNOSTIMULATORY:
–Immunostimulatory plant polysaccharides impede cancer progression and metastasis by avoiding off-target effects.
ANTI-SNAKE VENOM:–Molecular docking studies and anti-enzymatic activities of Thai mango seed kernel extract against snake venoms.
ANTI-DIARRHEA:
–Antidiarrhoeal efficacy of Mangifera indica seed kernel on Swiss albino mice.
HEPATOPROTECIVE:
–Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of thai mango seed kernel extract.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE:
–Mangiferin exert cardioprotective and anti-apoptotic effects in heart failure induced rats.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
DIABETES:
–Mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed kernel extract suppresses hyperglycemia by modulating pancreatic β cell apoptosis and dysfunction and hepatic glucose metabolism in diabetic rats.
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
–Antidiabetic properties of mango in animal models and humans: A systematic review.
–Peripheral arterial disease: Effects of ethanolic extracts of seed kernels of mango (Mangifera indica .L) on acute hind limb ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats.
–Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Guided Isolation and Identification of Components from Mango Seed Kernel.
–Nutritional Composition, Anti-Diabetic Properties and Identification of Active Compounds Using UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS in Mangifera odorata L. Peel and Seed Kernel.
–Antidiabetic effects of Mangifera indica Kernel Flour-supplemented diet in streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats.
OBESITY:
–Mangifera indica L., By-Products, and Mangiferin on Cardio-Metabolic and Other Health Conditions: A Systematic Review.
ACNE:
–In-vitro investigation of anti-acne properties of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract and its mechanism of action against Propionibacterium acnes.
CANCER:
–Role of Mangiferin in Management of Cancers through Modulation of Signal Transduction Pathways.
–Pentagalloyl Glucose: A Review of Anticancer Properties, Molecular Targets, Mechanisms of Action, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety Profile.
–Mangiferin: a natural miracle bioactive compound against lifestyle related disorders.
–Phytochemicals from Mangifera pajang Kosterm and their biological activities.
BREAST:
–Anticancer role of mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel and seed kernel extracts against 7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis in female rats.
–Mangifera indica (Mango): A Promising Medicinal Plant for Breast Cancer Therapy and Understanding Its Potential Mechanisms of Action.
–Induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, MDA-MB231 cells, by ethanolic mango seed extract.
–Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis induced by ethanolic mango seed extract in cultured estrogen receptor positive breast cancer MCF-7 cells.
–Cytotoxic effects of Mangifera indica L. kernel extract on human breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines) and bioactive constituents in the crude extract.
–Cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines exposed to an extract of the seed kernel of Mangifera pajang (bambangan).
COLORECTAL:
–Mangiferin (mango) attenuates AOM-induced colorectal cancer in rat's colon by augmentation of apoptotic proteins and antioxidant mechanisms.
LUNG:
–Mangifera indica L. kernel ethanol extract inhibits cell viability and proliferation with induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells.
METASTASIS:
–Immunostimulatory plant polysaccharides impede cancer progression and metastasis by avoiding off-target effects.
PREVENTS TOOTH DECAY:
–Effect of Mangifera Indica (Mango) on Dental Caries: A Systematic Review.
COSMETIC:
–The Potential of Mangifera indica L. Peel Extract to Be Revalued in Cosmetic Applications.
–Multifunctional biological properties and phytochemical constituents of Mangifera indica L. seed kernel extract for preventing skin aging.