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Copper Bhasma
Copper ash
Tamra Bhasma (Ayurveda)
Zangs thal (Tibet)
Tamra Bhasma (Ayurveda)
Zangs thal (Tibet)
Minerological name:
Cuprum
Parts used:
Copper ash
Temperature & Taste:
Warm, dry. Bitter, Sweet
Some Indian (and Tibetan) sources have claimed it to be Cool.
Copper Bhasma principally settles Kapha (Phlegm) and Pitta (Bile)
Classification:
Cuprum
Parts used:
Copper ash
Temperature & Taste:
Warm, dry. Bitter, Sweet
Some Indian (and Tibetan) sources have claimed it to be Cool.
Copper Bhasma principally settles Kapha (Phlegm) and Pitta (Bile)
Classification:
Uses:
1. Clears Heat and Phlegm, Clears Pus:
–Bronchitis, Asthma
–Bronchiectasis, Tuberculosis
–Chronic Rhinitis
–Pus in the Lungs (and other organs)
–Pneumonitis
2. Clears Damp Heat, Opens Obstructions, Benefits the Liver:
–very useful for Liver diseases (Ayurveda)
–Obstruction of the Liver or Spleen
–Hepatitis (Tibet)
–Anemia
–Tumors
3. Clears Heat, Benefits the Stomach:
–Obstinate Abdominal diseases
–Gastric Ulcers
–Chronic Gastritis, Abdominal pain
4. Clears Heat and Damp, Promotes Urine:
–Edema, fluid retention
–Obesity, Ascites
–Gonorrhea
5. Clears Heat, Resists Toxin:
–Poisoning
–Chronic Fever
–Dysentery
–chronic Skin diseases including Leprosy
6. Kills Worms:
–used for Worms and Parasites
Dose:
30–60mg (up to 125mg according to some sources) twice daily with Honey, usually in combination with other medicines. Best given on an empty stomach but can be taken after food if there is nausea.
Diet during treatment should be Milk, Sugar, Rice, Bread or Ghee, but without anything Sour being taken.
Correctives:
Honey, Oil and Ghee (Unani)
Purification of Copper:
Copper has 8 defects which need to be eliminated, according to Ayurveda.
Any one of the following processes may be used:
1. Copper may first be processed as the general method for preparation of Metals (see under Gold Bhasma). Then a paste of Rock Salt and the milky latex of Calotropis gigantea is smeared over the Copper which is then heated and quenched in the juice of Vitex negundo. This is repeated 7 times.
2. Make Copper red hot in a furnace and dip in a solution made of the paste of the leaves of Moringa pteregosperma, quicklime and water, 7 to 21 times, or in the juices of Tamarind leaves, Acalypta indica, Butter Milk and Khadi (a type of Vinegar), 7 times in each. (Siddha)
3. Copper leaves are smeared with a paste made of Rock Salt and Lime juice; these are then heated and quenched in Barley gruel, this being repeated 8 times.
4. Copper leaves may likewise be smeared with a paste of Lime juice and Saltpeter, heated, then quenched in the juice of Vitex negundo, this being repeated 8 times.
5. Copper leaves are purified if they are boiled in Cow’s Urine for 3 hours on a strong fire; or they may be heated and quenched in the Urine a number of times.
6. It may also be heated and quenched several times in the juice of Oxalis corniculata.
Testing of Copper Bhasma:
While some processes recommend using only 3 putums (firings), modern research has demonstrated that usually 10 burnings are required to make good quality Bhasma.
Note that modern texts recommend testing Copper Bhasma as follows: a little of the prepared Copper Bhasma is put in a glass beaker with Lemon juice for 24 hours. If a green colour appears, further processing is required.
Preparation:
"Mix purified copper powder with equal part of Hingula (Cinnabar). Triturate with nimbu (Citrus medica var. acida) juice till paste is made. Prepare its pillets and dry them. Close them in Damaru yantra and apply strong heat. Collect the mercury from the upper part of the apparatus carefully and copper powder from lower part. Mix equal sulphur to this copper powder and triturate it with nirnbu (Citrus medica Var. acida) juice Prepare its pillets and dry, close in sarava samputa and apply Ardha gajaputa heat. Such two putas convert copper into bhasma form free from all the ill effects". (Rasamritam)
According to research, 10 putums (firings) are geenrally needed to form a good quality bhasma. If a muffle furnace is used, the temperature should be maintained at 600 degrees C. for 1 hour.
30–60mg (up to 125mg according to some sources) twice daily with Honey, usually in combination with other medicines. Best given on an empty stomach but can be taken after food if there is nausea.
Diet during treatment should be Milk, Sugar, Rice, Bread or Ghee, but without anything Sour being taken.
Correctives:
Honey, Oil and Ghee (Unani)
Purification of Copper:
Copper has 8 defects which need to be eliminated, according to Ayurveda.
Any one of the following processes may be used:
1. Copper may first be processed as the general method for preparation of Metals (see under Gold Bhasma). Then a paste of Rock Salt and the milky latex of Calotropis gigantea is smeared over the Copper which is then heated and quenched in the juice of Vitex negundo. This is repeated 7 times.
2. Make Copper red hot in a furnace and dip in a solution made of the paste of the leaves of Moringa pteregosperma, quicklime and water, 7 to 21 times, or in the juices of Tamarind leaves, Acalypta indica, Butter Milk and Khadi (a type of Vinegar), 7 times in each. (Siddha)
3. Copper leaves are smeared with a paste made of Rock Salt and Lime juice; these are then heated and quenched in Barley gruel, this being repeated 8 times.
4. Copper leaves may likewise be smeared with a paste of Lime juice and Saltpeter, heated, then quenched in the juice of Vitex negundo, this being repeated 8 times.
5. Copper leaves are purified if they are boiled in Cow’s Urine for 3 hours on a strong fire; or they may be heated and quenched in the Urine a number of times.
6. It may also be heated and quenched several times in the juice of Oxalis corniculata.
Testing of Copper Bhasma:
While some processes recommend using only 3 putums (firings), modern research has demonstrated that usually 10 burnings are required to make good quality Bhasma.
Note that modern texts recommend testing Copper Bhasma as follows: a little of the prepared Copper Bhasma is put in a glass beaker with Lemon juice for 24 hours. If a green colour appears, further processing is required.
Preparation:
"Mix purified copper powder with equal part of Hingula (Cinnabar). Triturate with nimbu (Citrus medica var. acida) juice till paste is made. Prepare its pillets and dry them. Close them in Damaru yantra and apply strong heat. Collect the mercury from the upper part of the apparatus carefully and copper powder from lower part. Mix equal sulphur to this copper powder and triturate it with nirnbu (Citrus medica Var. acida) juice Prepare its pillets and dry, close in sarava samputa and apply Ardha gajaputa heat. Such two putas convert copper into bhasma form free from all the ill effects". (Rasamritam)
According to research, 10 putums (firings) are geenrally needed to form a good quality bhasma. If a muffle furnace is used, the temperature should be maintained at 600 degrees C. for 1 hour.
Main Combinations:
1. Abdominal swelling and enlargement (including Ascites), Copper Bhasma is rubbed with Honey and Ginger juice, taken in the morning, in doses of 12 Barley kernels weight. This cures obstinate abdominal diseases (Udara Roga).
2. Abdominal pain, poor digestion, weakness of the digestive Fire, Copper Bhasma, Trikatu (Three Pungents), Conch shell bhasma, Alkali from Tamarind bark, Mica Bhasma, Aconite (as in Ksaravati)
3. Chronic Fever and Skin diseases, Copper Bhasma, Shilajit, Triphala, Bdellium, Plumbago, Iron Bhasma, Mica Bhasma (as in Arogyavardhini)
4. As a strengthening Tonic, Copper Bhasma, Iron Bhasma, Triphala, Shilajit, Mica Bhasma
5. Lung inflammation, difficulty Breathing, Coughing, Copper Bhasma, Chebulic and Beleric Myrobalans, Iron Bhasma, Boswellia, Coriander seed, Costus, Long Pepper, Tabasheer, Emblic Myrobalan, Safflower, Bezoar, Red and White Sandalwood, Pomegranate (as in Copper 25 of Tibetan Medicine)
Major Formulas:
Arogyavardhini
Copper 25 (Zangs thal nyer lnga)
Great Cold Compound Precious Black Pill (Tibetan)
Great Precious Hot Compound (Rin chen tsha sbyor chen mo)
Precious Wish Fulfilling Jewel (Rin chen ratna bsam 'phel)
Cautions:
Copper Bhasma not properly prepared can cause Dizziness, Vomiting and Burning Sensations.
Toxicity:
1. No toxicity was noted when single doses of 1g/kg were given, or doses of 100mg/kg were given orally for 7 days. (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Jan. 1982)
2. No toxicity was noted when a therapeutic doses (5.5mg/kg) and five times the therapeutic dose (27.5mg/kg) were given to rats for 28 days, however at 10 times the therapeutic dose, toxic effect on the Heart, Liver, Kidneys and Thymus were noted. (Chaudhari et al., J Ayurveda Integr Med, Mar 2016)
Main Preparations used:
Copper Bhasma not properly prepared can cause Dizziness, Vomiting and Burning Sensations.
Toxicity:
1. No toxicity was noted when single doses of 1g/kg were given, or doses of 100mg/kg were given orally for 7 days. (Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Jan. 1982)
2. No toxicity was noted when a therapeutic doses (5.5mg/kg) and five times the therapeutic dose (27.5mg/kg) were given to rats for 28 days, however at 10 times the therapeutic dose, toxic effect on the Heart, Liver, Kidneys and Thymus were noted. (Chaudhari et al., J Ayurveda Integr Med, Mar 2016)
Main Preparations used:
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Nothing at Present
GENERAL / REVIEW:
–Synthesis and characterization of Vanga bhasma.
–Standard manufacturing procedure of Tamra Bhasma.
–Preparation and characterization of a copper based Indian traditional drug: tamra bhasma.
ANTIOXIDANT:
–Toxicology and free radicals scavenging property of Tamra bhasma.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE:
–Effect of hepatoprotective ayurvedic drugs on lysosomal enzymes during hepatic injury induced by single dose of CCl4.
CHOLESTEROL:
–Effect of tamra bhasma (calcined copper) on ponderal and biochemical parameters.
PEPTIC ULCER:
–Copper Bhasma was found to be more effective against PEPTIC ULCER when compared with a pure Copper compound, and a mixture of the reported constituents of Copper Bhasma. The Anti-ulcer activity of Copper Bhasma was the most effective suggesting the processing used in traditional Ayurveda for the manufacture of Copper Bhasma to have an enhancing effect. In addition, it was demonstrated that Copper Bhasma continued to work for 5 days following administration. (Pandey et al., Indian J Exptl Biol, 1983)
HEMOPOETIC:
3. Copper Bhasma significantly INCREASES HEMOGLOBIN and RBC COUNT. (Dixit et al., Nagarjun, 1969)
–Synthesis and characterization of Vanga bhasma.
–Standard manufacturing procedure of Tamra Bhasma.
–Preparation and characterization of a copper based Indian traditional drug: tamra bhasma.
ANTIOXIDANT:
–Toxicology and free radicals scavenging property of Tamra bhasma.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE:
–Effect of hepatoprotective ayurvedic drugs on lysosomal enzymes during hepatic injury induced by single dose of CCl4.
CHOLESTEROL:
–Effect of tamra bhasma (calcined copper) on ponderal and biochemical parameters.
PEPTIC ULCER:
–Copper Bhasma was found to be more effective against PEPTIC ULCER when compared with a pure Copper compound, and a mixture of the reported constituents of Copper Bhasma. The Anti-ulcer activity of Copper Bhasma was the most effective suggesting the processing used in traditional Ayurveda for the manufacture of Copper Bhasma to have an enhancing effect. In addition, it was demonstrated that Copper Bhasma continued to work for 5 days following administration. (Pandey et al., Indian J Exptl Biol, 1983)
HEMOPOETIC:
3. Copper Bhasma significantly INCREASES HEMOGLOBIN and RBC COUNT. (Dixit et al., Nagarjun, 1969)