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Citrus reticulata, Tangerine peel, Chen Pi 陈皮

Ju Pi, Chen Pi (aged)
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Guillot, Revue horticole, serié 4, (1852-1974)

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Whole dried Tangerine peel (Ju Pi)

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Sliced Tangerine Peel (Ju Pi)

Bundles of Aged (20 year old) Tangerine Peel (Chen Pi)

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Members CLICK HERE for the PRO VERSION

Botanical name:
Citrus reticulata

Parts used:
Peel

Temperature & Taste:
Dried peel: Warm, dry. Bitter, Pungent, aromatic

Classification:
J. Regulate Qi

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Uses:
Ripe Peel (Ju Pi), Aged Peel (Chen Pi)
1. Warms the Stomach, Clears Damp, Moves Qi:

-Colic, poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, belching, bloating
-epigastric or abdominal distention
-warms and strengthens a cold or damp Stomach, harmonizes and regulates Stomach and Spleen.


2. Clears Phlegm, Stops Cough:
-Cold-Phlegm Cough and obstruction of Phlegm in the Chest.
-copious, viscous phlegm


3. Clears Damp, Promotes Urine
-promotes Urine

4. Moves Qi, Prevents Stagnation:
-also Breast lumps from Qi stagnation
-helps resolve Gall Stones (proven effect)



Qing Pi (Unripe Peel)
1. Moves Qi, Resolves Stagnant Qi:

-distention and pain in the Chest, Breast or Hypochondria
-Breast lumps from Qi stagnation


2. Clears Stagnation, Resolves Clumps:
-Food Stagnation with fullness and distention in the epigastrium


Dose:
Powder: 1–3 grams
Decoction: 3–9 grams

Comment::
A number of different medicines are derived form Tangerine and related Citrus species in TCM:
1. Chen Pi is the aged Tangerine peel; it has a more delicate flavor and is less pungent and drying than the freshly dried peel. This is best.
2. Ju Hong is red Tangerine peel. It is more dry and stronger to move Qi, but isn't as good to regulate the Stomach.
3. Hua Ju Hong is Pomelo peel from Citrus grandis. In the Chinese Pharmacopeia, it has the same indications as Ju Hong.
4. Tangerine seed (Ju He) are neutral and Bitter. They move Qi, open obstruction and ease pain. Mainly used for hernia and breast lumps. Dose: 3–9 grams
5. Tangerine leaf is neutral and Bitter. It moves the Qi of the Liver and is used for hypochondriac pain, breast Abscesses and Lumps and abdominal masses. Dose: 6–9 grams
6. Tangerine peel is used similarly to Orange peel (Aurantium) in the West.

Substitute:
Orange peel can generally replace Tangerine peel Chen Pi. Chen Pi, being aged, can be viewed as superior. A number of related Citrus medicines can be used similarly.
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Main Combinations:
Often combined with Pinellia Ban Xia in TCM.

1. Abdominal discomfort, nausea, loss of appetite, combine Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) with  ... available in PRO version
2. Cold-Phlegm and Damp conditions, Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) with  ... available in PRO version
3. Cough with excess Phlegm, Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) with  ... available in PRO version
4. Spasm and pain of the Stomach or Intestines, combine Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) with  ... available in PRO version
5. Stomach weakness with bloating, discomfort, combine Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) with  ... available in PRO version
6. Damp obstruction of the Stomach and Spleen, Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) with  ... available in PRO version.
7. Acute Mastitis, decoction of Tangerine peel (Chen Pi) ... available in PRO version

Major Formulas:
Bai Zhu Shao Yao San
Bao He Wan
Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang
Chai Hu Shu Gan San
Huo Xiang Zheng Qi Tang
Liu Jun Zi Tang
Ping Wei San
Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang

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Cautions:
The peel is drying, so it not suitable for Yin deficiency.

Main Preparations used:
Water of the Flowers, Juice of the Sour Oranges, Syrup of the Sour Orange Juice, Candied Peel, Conserve of the Flower, Electuary of the Peel, Distilled Oil of the Peel

  • Extra Info
  • Research
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Click the Tabs above for more information on this Medicine
GENERAL / REVIEW
–Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi): Botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of a frequently used traditional Chinese medicine.
–Variation in Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Four Citrus Species: Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and Citrus reticulata.
–[Herbalogical study on historical evolution of Juhong and Huajuhong].
–Evaluation of dynamic changes in the bioactive components in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Citrus reticulata 'Chachi') under different harvesting and drying conditions.
–[Study on the difference between components in volatile oil of Citrus reticulata before and after being processed].
–Phytochemical investigation of the fruit peels of Citrus reticulata Blanco

ANTIBACTERIAL
–The Chemical Compositions, and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Four Types of Citrus Essential Oils.
–Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from tangerine (Citrus reticulata L.), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi L.), lemon (Citrus lemon L.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume).
–Antibacterial Effects and Mechanism of Mandarin (Citrus reticulata L.) Essential Oil against Staphylococcus aureus.
–Antibacterial activity of Citrus reticulata peel extracts.

ANTIVIRAL
–Antiviral activity of polymethoxylated flavones from "Guangchenpi", the edible and medicinal pericarps of citrus reticulata 'Chachi'.

ANTIFUNGAL
–Green extraction of polyphenols from citrus peel by-products and their antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus.
–Coumarins from the peel of citrus grown in Colombia: composition, elicitation and antifungal activity.
–Anti-fungal activity of Citrus reticulata Blanco essential oil against Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum.

ANTIOXIDANT
–Antioxidant Properties of Pulp, Peel and Seeds of Phlegrean Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) at Different Stages of Fruit Ripening.
–Aged Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 'Chachi' Attenuates Oxidative Damage Induced by tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide (t-BHP) in HepG2 Cells.
–The Chemical Compositions, and Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Four Types of Citrus Essential Oils.
–Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from tangerine (Citrus reticulata L.), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi L.), lemon (Citrus lemon L.) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume).

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
–Investigation of heat treating conditions for enhancing the anti-inflammatory activity of citrus fruit (Citrus reticulata) peels.

ASTHMA
–Anti-asthmatic activity of alkaloid compounds from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Citrus reticulata 'Chachi').
–Pinellia ternata, Citrus reticulata, and their combinational prescription inhibit eosinophil infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness by suppressing CCR3+ and Th2 cytokines production in the ovalbumin-induced asthma model.

PULMONARY FIBROSIS
–Inhibitory effects of alkaline extract of Citrus reticulata on pulmonary fibrosis.

ATHEROSCLEROSIS
–Citrus reticulata peel oil as an antiatherogenic agent: Hypolipogenic effect in hepatic cells, lipid storage decrease in foam cells, and prevention of LDL oxidation.
OBESITY
–Effects of Different Treatment Methods of Dried Citrus Peel (Chenpi) on Intestinal Microflora and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Healthy Mice.
–The potential of immature poken (Citrus reticulata) extract in the weight management, lipid and glucose metabolism.

DIABETES
–Assessment of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Citrus reticulata peel extracts in hyperglycemic/hypoglycemic rats.
–Antidiabetic Potency, Antioxidant Effects, and Mode of Actions of Citrus reticulata Fruit Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Hesperidin, and Quercetin in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Wistar Diabetic Rats.

HEPATOPROTECTIVE
–Preventive Effect of Flavonoid Extract from the Peel of Gonggan (Citrus reticulata Blanco Var. Gonggan) on CCl4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice.

SEDATIVE
–Modification of brain waves and sleep parameters by Citrus reticulata Blanco. cv. Sai-Nam-Phueng essential oil.

NEUROPROTECTIVE
–Neuroprotective effects of Citrus reticulata in scopolamine-induced dementia oxidative stress in rats.

IMPROVES COGNITION
–Improvement of cognitive function in mice by Citrus reticulata var. kinnow via modulation of central cholinergic system and oxidative stress.

DEMENTIA / ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
–[Pharmacological superiority of nobiletin-rich Citrus reticulata peel, a multicomponent drug, over nobiletin alone regarding anti-dementia action].
–Potent activity of nobiletin-rich Citrus reticulata peel extract to facilitate cAMP/PKA/ERK/CREB signaling associated with learning and memory in cultured hippocampal neurons
–Nobiletin-rich Citrus reticulata peels, a kampo medicine for Alzheimer's disease: a case series.

CANCER
–A combination of Citrus reticulata peel and black tea inhibits migration and invasion of liver cancer via PI3K/AKT and MMPs signaling pathway.
–Citrus reticulata peel oil inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation in culture and implanted in nude mice.
–Flavonoid Fraction of Citrus reticulata Juice Reduces Proliferation and Migration of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cells.
–Citrus Reticulata blanco induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells SNU-668.
–[Study on the anticancer activities (in vivo) of the extract from Citrus reticulata Blanco and its influence on sarcoma-180 cells cycle].
–Isolation of anti-leukemia compounds from Citrus reticulata.

CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED TOXICITY
–Efficacy of Herbal Medicines Intervention for Colorectal Cancer Patients With Chemotherapy-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity - a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

WOUND HEALING
–Antioxidant and Wound Healing Potential of Essential Oil from Citrus reticulata Peel and Its Chemical Characterization.

SKIN ANTI-AGING
–Evaluation of Skin Anti-aging Potential of Citrus reticulata Blanco Peel.

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