Propolis
Feng Jiao 蜂胶 (TCM)
Dioscorides Materia Medica, Ruellio, 1549
Propolis
Photo by Abalg
Entomological name:
Apis mellifera
Parts used:
Resinous matter secreted by the domestic Bee, Apis mellifera
Temperature & Taste:
Warm, dry.
Classifications:
Uses:
1. Clears Heat and Toxin:
-as an aid during bacterial infections including Dysentery
-acute Cold and Flu; proven effect against Flu virus
-topically for bacterial infections with Heat and Inflammation
2. Benefits Spleen, Increases Qi:
-Indigestion, Diarrhea
-increases Qi, nourishes Blood, benefits Essence
-effective against H. pylori (Stomach ulcers)
-benefits Immunity; prevents infection during epidemics
-adjunct in Diabetes (Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2005)
-adjunct in Cancer therapy
3. Externally:
-accelerates tissue healing (Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2005)
-applied to old Ulcers and Wounds
-applied to Hemorrhoids
-suppurative, helps ripen boils, abscesses and swellings
-emollient, softens hardness, relieves inflammations
-topically for Periodontitis and Stomatitis
-gargle for Pharyngitis
-fumes have been inhaled for Asthma
-applied to Corns (bandaged on for several days)
Dose:
200–600mg
Preparation:
1. The crude propolis is put into a pan with twice its weight of water; when boiling and melted, strain through cloth and express into cold water. When congealed, it is rolled into cylinders.
2. It may be processed with alcohol: powder, dissolve in ethanol, filter, evaporate to dryness.
Substitutes:
1. Gum Ammoniac
2. Gum Terebinth
3. Propolis itself was listed as a substitute for Galbanum and Sagapen, suggesting these could be used in its place.
Main Combinations:
1. Ulcers, topically with Myrrh
2. Avicenna’s Ointment for Wrinkles: Lily root, Oil of Bitter Almond, Honey, Propolis
Cautions:
Caution with hypoallergenic people
Main Preparations used:
Purified Propolis, Ointment of Propolis
1. Ointment of Propolis:
i. Purified Propolis (4 oz.), Olive oil (1 ½ lbs.). Dissolve with a moderate heat, strain while Hot. (Formulaire Magistral et Memorial Pharmaceutique, 1823)
ii. Purified Propolis (1 part), Olive oil (2 parts). (Pharmacopoeia medici practici universalis, Bruxelles, 1817)
Click the above Tabs for more information on this medicine
GENERAL / REVIEW:
–Propolis: A Natural Substance with Multifaceted Properties and Activities.
–Composition and bioactivity of propolis derived from New Zealand native forest.
–Compositional Differences Between Brazilian and Chinese Propolis.
ANTI-BACTERIAL:
–South African Propolis: Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity, Chemistry, and Toxicity.
–In vitro and in vivo burn healing study of standardized propolis: Unveiling its antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in relation to its phytochemical profiling.
–Antimicrobial Properties of Hive Products and Their Potential Applications in Human and Veterinary Medicine.
–Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of propolis as an intercanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis (a randomized controlled in vitro study).
–Antioxidant activity, antibacterial behavior, and anticancer impact of Egyptian propolis.
–Chemical constituents and antibacterial activities of Cameroonian dark brown propolis against potential biofilm-forming bacteria.
ANTIOXIDANT:
–In vitro and in vivo burn healing study of standardized propolis: Unveiling its antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in relation to its phytochemical profiling.
–Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumor Potential of Selected Bulgarian Propolis Samples.
–Antioxidant activity, antibacterial behavior, and anticancer impact of Egyptian propolis.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY:
–Evaluation of the Anti-Aging Properties of Ethanolic Extracts from Selected Plant Species and Propolis by Enzyme Inhibition Assays and 2D/3D Cell Culture Methods.
–Effects of propolis intake on endurance exercise and molecular signaling related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
–Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumor Potential of Selected Bulgarian Propolis Samples.
LOWERS LDL CHOLESTEROL:
–Effects of propolis consumption on blood pressure, lipid profile and glycemic parameters in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
LOWERS FASTING GLUCOSE:
–Effects of propolis consumption on blood pressure, lipid profile and glycemic parameters in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
DIABETES:
–Apitherapy for diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and clinical implications.
DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY:
–The potential protective effect of propolis on diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin in adult albino rats.
HEPATOPROTECTIVE:
–The protective effects of Saudi propolis against hepatic injury induced by gold nanoparticles in adult male albino rats.
HYPERTENSION:
–The effect of propolis supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.
–Effects of propolis consumption on blood pressure, lipid profile and glycemic parameters in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
ENDURANCE:
–Effects of propolis intake on endurance exercise and molecular signaling related to inflammation and oxidative stress.
CYTOPROTECTIVE / GENOPROTECTIVE:
–Preliminary Insights into the Cyto/Genoprotective Properties of Propolis and Its Constituent Galangin In Vitro.
ANTI-AGING:
–Evaluation of the Anti-Aging Properties of Ethanolic Extracts from Selected Plant Species and Propolis by Enzyme Inhibition Assays and 2D/3D Cell Culture Methods.
ALZHEIMER’S:
–Unravelling Chemical Profile, Antioxidant, Anti-Alzheimer and Antimicrobial Potentials of Three Propolis From Northeastern Regions of Algeria: In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation.
ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE:
–Antiproliferative effect of hydroalcoholic brown propolis extract on tumor and non-tumor cells.
DERMATITIS:
–Propolis suppresses atopic dermatitis through targeting the MKK4 pathway.
ANTI-TUMOR:
–Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antitumor Potential of Selected Bulgarian Propolis Samples.
CANCER:
–Propolis: a natural compound with potential as an adjuvant in cancer therapy – a review of signaling pathways.
–Novel compounds of Taiwanese green propolis induce apoptosis of human glioblastoma cells by daylight photodynamic action.
–Anti-glioma effect of Turkish propolis in C6 cells via regulation of COX-2 and NF-kappaB mRNA expression and redox homeostasis.
–Prostate cancer cells elevate glycolysis and G6PD in response to caffeic acid phenethyl ester-induced growth inhibition.
–Effect of Propolis on PPP2R1A and Apoptosis in Cancer Cells.
–Antioxidant activity, antibacterial behavior, and anticancer impact of Egyptian propolis.
–Cytotoxic and Radiosensitizing Effects of European and African Propolis in 3D Lung Carcinoma Cell Cultures.
BURN HEALING:
–In vitro and in vivo burn healing study of standardized propolis: Unveiling its antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in relation to its phytochemical profiling.
ENDONTIC TREATMENT:
–The Clinical Effectiveness of Propolis on the Endodontic Treatment of Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials and Updates.
GINGIVITIS / PERIODONTITIS:
–Propolis mouthwashes efficacy in managing gingivitis and periodontitis: a systematic review of the latest findings.
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