Sentry Page Protection
Aconitum, Bong nga བོང་ང༌ The Tibetan Aconites
Bong nga (general name for Aconites in Tibetan Medicine)
|
|
|
Aconitum heterophyllum
White Aconite Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, (1874) |
Aconitum ferox
Black Aconite F.E. Koehler, Medizinal Pflanzen, (1890) |
|
|
|
Aconitum gymnandrum
'Red Aconite' (Lesser variety) Curtis’s Botanical Magazine (1907) |
Aconitum tauricum
"Yellow Aconite" F.G. Hayne, Getreue Darstellung und Beschreibung der in der Arzneykunde gebräuchlichen Gewächse, (1833) |
Botanical name:
There are 4 main types of Aconite used in Tibetan Medicine, differentiated based on the color of their root-tissue (Kletter)
1. Bong nga dkar po (Bong dkar) བོང་ང་དཀར་པོ 'White Aconite', Also called Spyang dug
a. Aconitum heterophyllum
b. A. palmatum
c. A. tanguticum
2. Bong nga nag po (Bong nag): བོང་ང་ནག་པོ 'Black Aconite' (Dark Blue): Also called Btsan dug, Sman chen, Ha la ha la
a. Aconitum ferox (Nepal Aconite)
b. A. chasmanthum
c. A. flavum (Tibet, West China)
d. A. pendulum (syn. A. szechenylanum)
e. A. laciniatum
f. A. balfouri
g. A. spicatum (Sman chen)
h. A. richardsonianum var. crispulum (Ha la ha la)
i. A. kusnezoffii (Ha la)
j. A. violaceum (Sman chen)
k. A. acutiusculum var. aureopilosum (Yunnan)
l. A. brachypodum (Sichuan, Yunnan)
m. A. bracteolosum (Yunnan)
n. A. dolichorhynchum (Yunnan)
o. A. forrestii (SW China)
p. A. gezaense (Yunnan)
q. A. henryi (syn. A. sungpanense)
Note: Black Aconite is highly poisonous; it is synonymous with the Chinese Aconites (Chuan Wu, Wu Tuo etc.) and has
been used as a substitute for Aconitum napellus.
3. Bong nga dmar po (Bong dmar) བོང་ང་དམར་པོ "Red Aconite",
a. Aconitum tanguticum
b. A. naviculare (syn. A. creagromorphum)
c. A. brunneum
d. A. gymnandrum (an inferior type)
e. Delphinium densiflorum is listed by other sources
4. Bong nga ser po (Bong ser, Bong nga rigs ser po): བོང་ང་སེར་པོ "Yellow Aconite", Also called 'Brit shil ma, Ser po btsan dug
a. Aconitum tauricum (syn. A. autumnale)
b. A. kongboense (this is classed as 'Black' [toxic] Aconite by some sources)
c. A. fischeri
Other species:
5. Dzin pa, Dzin pa dkar po (synonymous with 'Black Aconite)
a. A. napellus
Synonyms:
The Aconites, more than almost any other medicinal genus of plants, has many synonyms. Names are often confusing and the exact range of species that supply each of the 4 types in Tibetan Medicine is complex. Therefore, we have given synonyms for the the major varieties.
1. Aconitum heterophyllum:
A. atees, A. cordatum, A. ovatum, A. petiolare
2. Aconitum naviculare
A. bhutanicum, A. creagromorphum, A. ferox (Brühl)
3. Aconitum ferox
A. atrox
5. Aconitum tauricum:
A. autumnale, A. eustachium, A. formosum, A. koelleanum, A. latemarense, A. multifidum
Aconitum napellus (Rchb.) has also been given as a synonym
There are 4 main types of Aconite used in Tibetan Medicine, differentiated based on the color of their root-tissue (Kletter)
1. Bong nga dkar po (Bong dkar) བོང་ང་དཀར་པོ 'White Aconite', Also called Spyang dug
a. Aconitum heterophyllum
b. A. palmatum
c. A. tanguticum
2. Bong nga nag po (Bong nag): བོང་ང་ནག་པོ 'Black Aconite' (Dark Blue): Also called Btsan dug, Sman chen, Ha la ha la
a. Aconitum ferox (Nepal Aconite)
b. A. chasmanthum
c. A. flavum (Tibet, West China)
d. A. pendulum (syn. A. szechenylanum)
e. A. laciniatum
f. A. balfouri
g. A. spicatum (Sman chen)
h. A. richardsonianum var. crispulum (Ha la ha la)
i. A. kusnezoffii (Ha la)
j. A. violaceum (Sman chen)
k. A. acutiusculum var. aureopilosum (Yunnan)
l. A. brachypodum (Sichuan, Yunnan)
m. A. bracteolosum (Yunnan)
n. A. dolichorhynchum (Yunnan)
o. A. forrestii (SW China)
p. A. gezaense (Yunnan)
q. A. henryi (syn. A. sungpanense)
Note: Black Aconite is highly poisonous; it is synonymous with the Chinese Aconites (Chuan Wu, Wu Tuo etc.) and has
been used as a substitute for Aconitum napellus.
3. Bong nga dmar po (Bong dmar) བོང་ང་དམར་པོ "Red Aconite",
a. Aconitum tanguticum
b. A. naviculare (syn. A. creagromorphum)
c. A. brunneum
d. A. gymnandrum (an inferior type)
e. Delphinium densiflorum is listed by other sources
4. Bong nga ser po (Bong ser, Bong nga rigs ser po): བོང་ང་སེར་པོ "Yellow Aconite", Also called 'Brit shil ma, Ser po btsan dug
a. Aconitum tauricum (syn. A. autumnale)
b. A. kongboense (this is classed as 'Black' [toxic] Aconite by some sources)
c. A. fischeri
Other species:
5. Dzin pa, Dzin pa dkar po (synonymous with 'Black Aconite)
a. A. napellus
Synonyms:
The Aconites, more than almost any other medicinal genus of plants, has many synonyms. Names are often confusing and the exact range of species that supply each of the 4 types in Tibetan Medicine is complex. Therefore, we have given synonyms for the the major varieties.
1. Aconitum heterophyllum:
A. atees, A. cordatum, A. ovatum, A. petiolare
2. Aconitum naviculare
A. bhutanicum, A. creagromorphum, A. ferox (Brühl)
3. Aconitum ferox
A. atrox
5. Aconitum tauricum:
A. autumnale, A. eustachium, A. formosum, A. koelleanum, A. latemarense, A. multifidum
Aconitum napellus (Rchb.) has also been given as a synonym
Uses:
See individual species